Several countries and cities have explicitly recognized the role of SSE enterprises in providing certain social services, often complementing public or private services, including socio-professional integration of individuals excluded from the labour market, and integration of people with disabilities. These services are all the more important in the context of a demographic transition that is dramatically affecting public needs, not all of which can be met by government. The objectives and specific characteristics of different government measures, including at the local level, have a huge influence on the creation of SSE enterprises and their local impact.